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(For our non-Anglo-Saxon readers, ‘Turning a sow’s into into a silk
purse’ is an English expression for making something beautiful out of
something useless. - Author)
Alright, to call the little Revell-Matchbox Fiat CR42 a sow’s ear
might be a bit of a stretch. After all, it is quite a nice little kit,
but it does have a few contour problems. The most obvious is the engine
cover, which is too long and narrow and looks like it is actually based
on the Fiat CR42’s prototype. Further the interior is virtually
non-existent, with just a seat and something that resembles a pilot.
But, with a few basic modelling skills and some rod and sheet, this can
be turned into a little gem.
Italian aircraft of World War 2 have always intrigued me, because of
their camouflage schemes and the fact that they, in spite of being
outdated and outnumbered, achieved some remarkable results.
One of the most important fighter aircraft of the Regia Aeronautica
in the early stages of the war was the Fiat CR42. This biplane actually
performed better than the British Gloster Gladiator or the Russian
I-153, but unfortunately for the Italians it was doomed when faced with
the monoplane opposition.
Historic Background
The CR42 was a direct descendant of the Fiat CR32, which had been
used so successfully in the Spanish Civil war. The prototype flew
in 1938, and continued to be produced practically unchanged until the
summer of 1944.
Its first operational use in World War 2 was not with the Regia
Aeronautica, but the Belgian Aéronatique Militaire, in an attempt to
stem the Luftwaffe’s onslaught in May 1940. The Regia Aeronautica took
the CR42 to war from June 1940 onwards, after Italy had declared war on
France.
After the surrender of France, the CR42’s were moved to the Channel
front. They were used in the Battle of Britain, but proved to be no
match for the Hurricanes and Spitfires of the RAF. Nonetheless, this
nimble biplane carried on and fought on all fronts; the Balkans, in
Greece, in Libya and Abyssinia, against Malta and in the end in Italy
itself, both in the role of a day and a night fighter.
After the Italian surrender in September 1943, the Luftwaffe managed
to seize a considerable number of CR42s. These were used as trainers and
as fighter bombers for night harassment attacks on the allied forces and
against partisans. Further both the Aeronatica Nazionale Repubblicana
and the Aeronautica Co-Belligerente used the CR42 as a trainer, with
some even being used in that role for several years after the war.
Apart from Italy the CR42 was used by the air forces of Belgium,
Sweden, Hungary and the Luftwaffe. Further the British captured several
examples, which were flown as ‘hacks’ with British markings.
Other interesting versions were the ICR42, a hydroplane version of
which only a prototype was build, the CR42 DB, with a Daimler Benz DB
601 in-line engine and the biposto dual control version.
The Kit
I build a few Revell CR42s years ago, both in Italian and Hungarian
marking. But I was never completely satisfied with the ‘look’ of the
result. Of course, nowadays there are several alternatives, such as the
magnificent resin model by Mister Kit, or the new Pavla injection
moulded kit, but to pay more than 20 Euros for a little biplane kit…
Now while going through my stack of unbuilt kits, I came across the
vacuform model of the Fiat CR25 from Airmodel. This also includes
injection moulded parts for the engine covers, engines and propellers.
Now what if I used these for my CR42? Comparing the engine covers with
the Revell kit and against the plans in Ali d’Italia No. 1,
showed an almost perfect fit. Now if I also tackled the other ‘small’
problems, I might actually get something nice here… And since the CR25
has two engines, I decided to build two upgraded CR 42s simultaneously.
Fuselage
Naturally I started with the fuselage. Based on the photos from
Ali d’Italia and using plastic sheet and rod from Evergreen, I
recreated the tubular frame, an instrument panel and various other boxes
and switches, and added more detail to the seat. These were painted
light grey and black, highlighting the various details by dry-brushing
with silver. The instrument dials came from a Tauro sheet for the Macchi
MC 202. After joining the fuselage halves, I re-contoured the vertical
tail surface according to the plans in Ali d’Italia. Next a
venture tube was made from rod and the steps filled with putty.
Wings
The upper wing was relatively easy to correct. Only the tips needed
to by sanded to a more round shape to conform to the plans. I further
added some little stubs for the navigation lights and made the cables
for the ailerons from stretched sprue.
The lower wing and underside of the fuselage were a bit more tricky.
The kit’s air intakes in the wing root are the wrong shape and the
exhausts at the trailing edge are missing. This was corrected using a
lot of putty and some thin plastic sheet. Further the wing tips were
sanded to a more rounded shape. The wing chord is a bit too short, but since
correcting that would involve some major surgery; I decided to leave
that as is.
Engine and Undercarriage
The kits engine is fairly well detailed, so all I did here was to
paint it with a mix of Humbrol black and silver, with the pushrods
highlighted in silver. The engine cover came from the Airmodel kit, with
new exhausts made from Evergreen rod; short ones for the day fighter
version and elongated ones for the night fighter. After gluing that to
the fuselage, the propeller was added using the Airmodel item.
The undercarriage legs supplied in the kit are too narrow in the
chord as well. I corrected this by adding thin styrene stripes to the
front and back, filling everything in with putty, and sand everything
smooth. Further the spats received a closing plate behind the wheels,
after which the rear was sanded to a more pointed shape. The wheels are
a bit on the small side, but again, I left that as is.
Camouflage & Markings
With such a plethora of markings to choose from, which one to build?
The night fighter version was easy. Tauro sheet number 72-535 includes
markings for an all-black Fiat CR42 CN (Caccia Notturna), of the
377a Sq. Autonoma, from Sicily in 1942, with a white fuselage band and
cross a Savoy. For this I used Humbrol gloss black (two layers) for the
best decal adhesion. After putting on the various decals, the model was
coated with Model Master dull cote.
For the day fighter version the choice was bit more difficult; there
are so many after market sheets available (the kit's decals cannot be
used as they are undersized, with the codes belonging to a Regia
Aeronautica bomber squadron). Hungarian Armour decals provides markings
for a Luftwaffe version, Kits at War has one for the Belgian air force,
while both Tauro and Third Group Decals have markings for various
Italian and Hungarian aircraft. In the end I decided to build the CR42
of Maggiore Tito Falconi, the commander of the 70° Sq, 4° Stormo CT,
Libya, 1941, from the Third Group sheet. This particular aircraft had a
striking camouflage scheme of Giallo Mimetico 2, with Verde
Mimetico 3 and Marrone Mimetico 2 spots, for which I used
Humbrol H83 (sand), H116 (olive green) and a mix of H33 (black) with
H174 (red). For the underside I used H64 (light grey), with H25 (yellow)
for the Giallo Cromo engine cover. Again after adding the decals,
the model was coated with Dull Cote.
The final additions was to add bracing wires between the outboard
struts from stretched sprue, and presto, two good looking (at least in
my eyes) CR42s, for a fraction of what one of these high end kits would
have cost me, with double the modelling fun.
Additional images, click to enlarge
| References |
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Ali d’Italia No. 1 – Fiat CR42, La
Bancarella Aeronautica, Turin, Italy, 1995
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Courage Alone – The Italian Airforce
1940-1943, Chris Dunning, Hikoki Publications, 1998
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Colori e Schemi Mimetici della regia
Aeronautica 1935-1943, Umnerto Postiglioni & Andrea
Degl’Innocenti, Gruppo Modellistico Trentino, 1995
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Air War Italy 1944-45 – The Axis Air
Forces from the Liberation of Rome to the Surrender, Nick
Beale, Ferdinando D’Amico & Gabriele Valentini, Airlife
Publishing Ltd., Shrewsbury, United Kingdom, 1996
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Turning
a Sow’s Ear Into a Silk Purse 
